The NEMA 17 Bipolar Stepper Motor 17HS4401 (1.5A / 0.35 N·m / 4-Wire with Cable) is a high-precision, two-phase hybrid stepper motor engineered for exact positional accuracy, high holding torque, and smooth motion in digital fabrication and motion control systems. Featuring a standard 1.8° step angle (200 steps per revolution) and a rated phase current of 1.5A, it provides reliable holding torque up to 0.35 N·m to 0.40 N·m (approx. 40 N·cm / 56 oz-in). Equipped with a standard 5mm D-shaped output shaft and a detachable 4-pin JST-XH to DuPont wiring harness, it interfaces seamlessly with common constant-current chopper drivers (A4988, DRV8825, TMC2208/TMC2209). The 17HS4401 is widely utilized as the standard drive motor for 3D printers, desktop CNC engraving routers, laser cutters, robotic arms, pan-tilt heads, and precision linear positioning stages.

Specifications

• Model / Part Number: 17HS4401 (NEMA 17 Hybrid Stepper Motor)
• Motor Type: 2-Phase 4-Wire Bipolar Stepper Motor
• Frame Size: NEMA 17 (42 mm × 42 mm Faceplate Profile)
• Step Angle: 1.8° (200 Steps per Full Revolution)
• Step Accuracy: ±5% (Full step, no load)
• Rated Operating Phase Current: 1.5 A / Phase (DC)
• Holding Torque: ≥ 0.35 N·m to 0.40 N·m (≥ 35 to 40 N·cm / ~50 to 57 oz-in)
• Detent Torque: Approx. 2.2 N·cm (22 mN·m Max.)
• Phase Resistance: 1.5 Ω ± 10% (at 20°C)
• Phase Inductance: 2.8 mH ± 20% (1 kHz, 1V RMS)
• Rotor Inertia: Approx. 54 g·cm²
• Motor Body Length: Approx. 38 mm to 40 mm (Excluding shaft)
• Output Shaft Specifications:
  • Shaft Type: Single D-Cut Flat Shaft (Ensures non-slip set screw locking)
  • Shaft Diameter: 5.0 mm (D-Cut flat thickness approx. 4.5 mm)
  • Shaft Extension Length: 20 mm to 24 mm
• Insulation Class: Class B (130°C)
• Insulation Resistance: ≥ 100 MΩ (at 500V DC between winding and stator frame)
• Dielectric Strength: 500V AC for 1 minute
• Allowable Temperature Rise: Max. 80°C (Rated current, 2 phases energized)
• Operating Ambient Temperature: -20°C to +50°C
• Interface Connector: On-Motor 6-Pin JST-XH (4 Pins populated for bipolar coils)
• Included Cable: 4-Core Ribbon Cable (Approx. 1.0 Meter / 100 cm, 6-Pin JST-XH to 4-Pin 2.54mm DuPont / XH connector)
• Total Net Weight: Approx. 280 g

Wiring & Coil Configuration

• Standard 4-Wire Bipolar Setup:
  • Phase / Coil A: Black Wire (A+) & Green Wire (A-)
  • Phase / Coil B: Red Wire (B+) & Blue Wire (B-)
• Note: Standard color conventions may vary by cable batch. Always verify matching coil pairs by checking for continuity (~1.5Ω) across paired wire leads using a digital multimeter.

Features

• High 0.35 N·m Holding Torque: Delivers ample holding force to prevent skipped steps during high-speed travel, acceleration, and direct-drive extrusion.
• Standardized 1.8° Step Resolution: Easily microstepped (1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/256) via modern drivers to deliver silent operation and high positional accuracy.
• D-Shaped 5mm Shaft: Provides a flat seating surface for GT2 timing pulleys, rigid/flexible beam couplers, and extruder gears, preventing rotational slippage under load.
• Modular Detachable Cable Interface: Uses a 6-pin on-motor JST connector that allows easy cable replacement, length adjustment, or maintenance without desoldering.
• Universal NEMA 17 Mounting: Features standard M3 threaded mounting holes on a 31mm pitch circle, compatible with virtually all standard 3D printer and CNC brackets.

Common Applications

• 3D Printers: X, Y, and Z-axis linear motion drives and direct/Bowden extruders for Creality Ender series, Prusa i3, Voron, and custom RepRap printers.
• Desktop CNC Routers & Engravers: Axis leadscrew and belt drives for CNC 3018, laser engravers, and PCB milling machines.
• Automated Camera Sliders: Precise, repeatable linear and rotational positioning for time-lapse and cinematography rigs.
• Robotics & SCARA Arms: Joint articulation and base rotation in educational and light industrial robot manipulators.
• Automated Dispensing & Lab Equipment: Syringe pumps, pipetting stations, and motorized linear translation stages.

Usage Tips

• Use Constant-Current Chopper Drivers (Mandatory): Never connect the motor windings directly to a fixed DC power supply (such as 12V or 24V). Always drive via a current-controlled stepper driver (e.g., TMC2209, TMC2208, A4988, or DRV8825) running from a 12V–24V DC bus.
• Adjusting Driver Vref / Current Limit: To prevent motor overheating and missed steps, calculate and adjust the driver reference voltage (Vref). For standard 17HS4401 motors (1.5A rating), setting the running current to 0.8A – 1.0A RMS provides excellent torque while keeping motor surface temperatures comfortably below 60°C.
• Reversing Rotation Direction: If the motor spins in the opposite direction during commissioning, either reverse one coil pair in the wiring (swap Black and Green, or swap Red and Blue) or invert the axis direction flag in your control firmware (Marlin / Klipper / GRBL).
• Never Disconnect Cables While Energized: Never unplug or connect the stepper motor cable while the driver is powered ON. Doing so creates massive back-EMF inductive voltage spikes that will instantly destroy the stepper driver chip.
• Thermal Management: Stepper motors naturally run warm during continuous hold states. If operating inside an enclosed chamber or driving heavy inertial loads near full current, ensure adequate ambient ventilation or attach an adhesive aluminum heatsink to the motor rear casing.