The Original DRV10866 5V 3-Phase Sensorless BLDC Motor Driver IC is a highly integrated, ultra-compact brushless DC motor driver manufactured by Texas Instruments. Encapsulated in a thermally enhanced WSON-10 (3mm × 3mm, DSC package) surface-mount package with an exposed thermal pad (EP), it incorporates six integrated power MOSFETs capable of delivering up to 680mA peak drive current. The driver operates on a proprietary 150° sensorless Back-EMF (BEMF) commutation scheme with synchronous rectification, eliminating the need for external Hall-effect sensors and external current-sense resistors. Designed specifically for low-noise, high-efficiency, and minimal-component fan and motor applications, the DRV10866 is widely utilized in notebook CPU cooling fans, small gimbal motors, drone cooling systems, portable projectors, and compact micro-robotics actuators.

Specifications

• Part Number / Model: DRV10866DSCR / DRV10866 (TI Marking: 10866 / 10866DSC)
• Manufacturer: Texas Instruments
• Driver Type: 3-Phase Sensorless Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor Driver
• Package Type: WSON-10 / DFN-10 / SON-10 (3.0 mm × 3.0 mm × 0.75 mm) with Exposed Ground Pad (EP)
• Operating Supply Voltage Range (VCC): 1.65V to 5.5V DC (Ideal for 1S Li-Ion battery, 3.3V, or 5V rails)
• Peak Output Phase Current (Ipeak): Up to 680 mA
• Total Driver On-Resistance (High-Side + Low-Side RDS(on)): Typ. 900 mΩ (0.9 Ω)
• Commutation Method: Proprietary 150° Sensorless Back-EMF (BEMF) Commutation
• Speed Control Input (PWMIN): Logic-Level PWM Frequency Range from 15 kHz to 50 kHz
• Speed Feedback Output: Open-Drain Frequency Generator Output (Selectable FG or 1/2 FG mode)
• Standby Mode Quiescent Current: Typ. 5 µA (Ultra-low sleep power consumption)
• Operating Quiescent Current (Active): Typ. 3.0 mA to 5.0 mA
• Internal Protections:
  • Built-in Overcurrent Protection (OCP, configurable via CS pin resistor)
  • Motor Lock Detection & Automatic Restart
  • Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
  • Voltage Surge Protection / BEMF Clamp
  • Thermal Shutdown (TSD with automatic recovery)
• Operating Ambient Temperature (Ta): -40°C to +125°C
• Storage Temperature Range (Tstg): -65°C to +150°C
• Pinout Configuration (WSON-10):
  • Pin 1: VCC (Supply Voltage Input)
  • Pin 2: COM (Motor Common / Neutral Terminal Input)
  • Pin 3: U (Phase U Output)
  • Pin 4: V (Phase V Output)
  • Pin 5: W (Phase W Output)
  • Pin 6: GND (Power & Signal Ground)
  • Pin 7: FG (Motor Speed Feedback Open-Drain Output)
  • Pin 8: PWMIN / FGS (PWM Speed Input / FG Select)
  • Pin 9: CS (Current Sense / Overcurrent Limit Threshold Setup)
  • Pin 10: VCC (Supply Voltage Input)
  • Exposed Center Pad (EP): Connect directly to Ground (GND) for thermal dissipation

Features

• 150° Sensorless BEMF Operation: Eliminates external Hall-effect sensors and external wiring, reducing system BOM cost, footprint, and acoustic commutation noise.
• Integrated 6-MOSFET Power Stage: Eliminates the need for external gate drivers and discrete MOSFETs, fitting an entire 3-phase driver into a tiny 3mm × 3mm footprint.
• Synchronous Rectification Mode: Lowers power loss and improves operating efficiency during PWM chopping cycles.
• Adjustable Current Limiting (CS Pin): Allows fine-tuning the overcurrent trip point with a single standard resistor without introducing series sense resistor losses in the motor lines.
• Intelligent Lock Detection & Auto-Restart: Detects rotor stall conditions and cuts drive current to protect motor windings from overheating, then attempts a smooth auto-restart cycle.
• Ultra-Low 5µA Standby Current: Powers down cleanly when PWMIN is held low, preserving battery life in portable handheld devices.

Common Applications

• Ultra-Compact Brushless Cooling Fans: CPU/GPU notebook fans, ASIC cooling units, and server micro-blowers.
• Gimbal Stabilizers & Micro Actuators: Small 3-phase BLDC motor drives for camera gimbals and miniature robotic joints.
• Portable Electronics & Projectors: Quiet, low-vibration miniature cooling fans in handheld electronics and pico projectors.
• Drone & Model Accessories: Small auxiliary brushless motors and sensor spin mechanisms.
• Educational STEM Kits: Compact 3-phase motor demonstration and driver boards.

Usage Tips

• Motor Star (Y) Connection & COM Pin: The DRV10866 requires a 3-phase motor wired in a Star (Wye) configuration where the central neutral star point connects to the **COM (Pin 2)** terminal for sensorless BEMF zero-crossing detection.
• Overcurrent Limit Resistor (CS Pin 9): Connect a resistor from Pin 9 (CS) to GND to set the maximum peak current threshold. Selecting the appropriate resistor value based on your motor's rated current prevents false OCP trips during startup while providing robust stall protection.
• Thermal Pad (EP) Soldering: Always solder the bottom exposed thermal pad directly to a solid ground copper pour with multiple thermal vias beneath the IC to maintain low operating temperatures under continuous load.
• Power Rail Decoupling: Place a **10µF low-ESR ceramic capacitor** and a **100nF high-frequency ceramic capacitor** as close as possible between VCC (Pins 1 & 10) and GND (Pin 6) to absorb motor inductive flyback spikes.
• Speed Control via PWM: Apply a 15 kHz to 50 kHz logic PWM signal to the PWMIN pin. For speed monitoring, connect a 10kΩ pull-up resistor from the open-drain FG pin (Pin 7) to your microcontroller's 3.3V or 5V logic rail.

Datasheet